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CyberSec First Responder (CFR)
CFR-410
CyberSec First Responder (CFR) Exam Questions and Answers

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Questions # 1:

Which of the following is considered a weakness or gap in a security program that can be exploited to gain unauthorized access?

Options:

Risk

Threat

Asset

Vulnerability

Answer

Explanation

A vulnerability is a weakness or gap in a security program, system, or application that can be exploited by attackers to gain unauthorized access. Identifying and mitigating vulnerabilities is a key part of any security program.

Questions # 2:

In a Linux operating system, what kind of information does a /var/log/daemon.log file contain?

Options:

Debug-related messages

Various system background processes

System messages

User password

Answer

Explanation

The /var/log/daemon.log file in a Linux operating system contains log entries related to various system background processes or daemons. These daemons run in the background and provide services like networking, security, and other system functions. This log file helps administrators monitor the activity and performance of these processes.

Questions # 3:

Which are successful Disaster Recovery Plan best practices options to be considered? (Choose three.)

Options:

Isolate the services and data as much as possible.

Back up to a NAS device that is attached 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Understand which processes are critical to the business and have to run in disaster recovery.

Maintain integrity between primary and secondary deployments.

Store any data elements in the root storage that is used for root access for the workspace.

Answer

A, C, D

Explanation

Isolate the services and data as much as possible: Isolation helps prevent the spread of issues across systems and makes recovery easier and more manageable.

Understand which processes are critical to the business and have to run in disaster recovery: Identifying critical processes ensures that the most essential operations are prioritized during recovery, minimizing downtime and business disruption.

Maintain integrity between primary and secondary deployments: Ensuring data integrity between primary and backup systems is essential for a successful recovery, allowing for accurate restoration of systems and data.

Questions # 4:

Which two answer options are the BEST reasons to conduct post-incident reviews after an incident occurs in an organization? (Choose two.)

Options:

To help leverage automated scanning tools and ad hoc tests

To help identify lessons learned and follow-up action.

To help identify event detection information.

To help prevent an incident recurrence.

Answer

B, D

Explanation

To help identify lessons learned and follow-up action: Post-incident reviews are critical for analyzing what went well and what could be improved, allowing the organization to apply lessons learned to future incidents.

To help prevent an incident recurrence: The review process helps identify weaknesses or gaps in the security posture, leading to actions that can prevent similar incidents from happening again in the future.

Questions # 5:

Which of the following is an essential component of a disaster recovery plan?

Options:

Memorandums of agreement with vendors

Product service agreements

A dedicated incident response team

Complete hardware and software inventories

Answer

Explanation

A complete hardware and software inventory is essential for a disaster recovery plan because it allows an organization to quickly assess which systems and resources are required to restore operations in the event of a disaster. This inventory helps ensure that critical components are accounted for and can be replaced or restored as needed.

Questions # 6:

A computer forensics analyst suspects that some of the pictures recovered from the suspect's hard drive may contain metadata pertinent to the criminal investigation. Which of the following tools is BEST suited to retrieving any available metadata?

Options:

Redline

ExifTool

Xplico

Autopsy

Encase

Answer

Explanation

ExifTool is a powerful tool used to retrieve and analyze metadata from a wide range of file types, including images. It is specifically designed for extracting metadata such as EXIF, IPTC, and XMP data embedded in media files, which can provide valuable information related to the file’s origin, date, and any changes made to it.

Questions # 7:

Which of the following attack vectors capitalizes on a previously undisclosed issue with a software application?

Options:

Zero-Day Exploit

Brute Force

Misconfiguration

Ransomware

Phishing

Answer

Explanation

A Zero-Day Exploit targets vulnerabilities in software that are unknown to the software vendor or the public. Since the issue has not been disclosed or patched yet, attackers can exploit it before any fix or mitigation is made available, hence the term "zero-day." Would you like to explore how organizations can defend against such threats?

Questions # 8:

What is the primary purpose of the "information security incident triage and processing function" in the (CSIRT) Computer Security Incident Response Team Services Framework?

Options:

To analyze and gain an understanding of a confirmed information security incident.

To initially review, categorize, prioritize, and process a reported information security incident.

To receive and process reports of potential information security incidents from constituents, Information Security Event Management services, or third parties.

To accept or receive information about an information security incident, as reported from constituents or third parties.

Answer

Explanation

The information security incident triage and processing function in the CSIRT framework is responsible for the initial review, categorization, prioritization, and processing of reported security incidents. This ensures that incidents are handled promptly and efficiently, with appropriate resources allocated based on their severity and impact.

Questions # 9:

Various logs are collected for a data leakage case to make a forensic analysis. Which of the following are

MOST important for log integrity? (Choose two.)

Options:

Hash value

Time stamp

Log type

Modified date/time

Log path

Answer

A, B

Questions # 10:

A network security analyst has noticed a flood of Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) traffic to internal clients. SMTP traffic should only be allowed to email servers. Which of the following commands would stop this attack? (Choose two.)