Pass the CWNP CWSA (Solutions Administrator) CWISA-102 Questions and answers with ExamsMirror

Legacy Support: The primary reason to continue using older wireless technologies is the need to connect with devices that don't support newer standards (e.g., old sensors or equipment).

Other Reasons (Not as Strong):

Cost: Replacing legacy devices can be expensive.

Reliability: Some legacy technologies might be well-proven in specific settings.

Primary Concern: Safety: Building codes and safety regulations are there to prevent injury and accidents. This includes potential harm from improper equipment installation (falling objects, electrical hazards, etc.).

Legal and Ethical Responsibility: Organizations have an obligation to provide a safe workplace for employees and protect the well-being of end-users.

Insurance Considerations: While complying with codes may impact insurance rates, this shouldn't be the primary motivation, as safety itself is paramount.

References:

Occupational Safety and Health (e.g., OSHA in the US): Websites of regulatory bodies outlining guidelines for safe equipment installation in various settings.

Electrical Codes (e.g., National Electrical Code): Standards that address safe practices to prevent fire and shock hazards.

Key Modulation Differences:

ASK (Amplitude Shift Keying): Digital data is represented by changes in the amplitude (strength) of a carrier wave.

FSK (Frequency Shift Keying): Digital data is represented by changes in the frequency of a carrier wave.

References

ASK: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amplitude-shift_keying

FSK: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frequency-shift_keying

isualizing RF Interference: Spectrum analyzers display radio frequencies across a range, showing signal strength and potential interference sources. This is crucial for identifying non-Wi-Fi devices that might be disrupting your wireless solution.

Other Tools Have Limitations:

NMAP: Network mapper, focused on discovering devices, not RF analysis

WinPCAP: Packet capture software, helpful but doesn't directly display the RF spectrum.

Protocol Analyzer: Analyzes network traffic, but won't pinpoint physical layer interference.

References:

Spectrum Analyzers: How they work and common use cases in RF troubleshooting.

Wireless Interference Types: Resources that discuss non-Wi-Fi interference sources (microwaves, cordless phones, etc.)

Security by Design: Security should be a fundamental consideration from the initial planning stages of any wireless implementation. This ensures:

Risk Assessment: Identifying potential vulnerabilities early on.

Security Controls: Choosing appropriate encryption, authentication, and access control mechanisms.

Integration: Security measures are seamlessly woven into the system's architecture, not retrofitted later, which can be less effective.

PtMP (Point-to-Multipoint): A single access point (AP) communicates with multiple client devices. This means the AP needs to manage how the available airtime is shared among those clients.

Airtime Fairness: Mechanisms are needed to ensure that:

Each client gets a fair chance to communicate

High-priority traffic isn't starved by low-priority traffic

PtP (Point-to-Point): A dedicated link only has two devices, eliminating the need for complex airtime management.

Considerations in Both: While interference, SINR, and frequency selection are important in both PtMP and PtP systems, the need for airtime management is unique to the multipoint scenario.

References:

Wireless Network Topologies (PtP vs. PtMP): Explanations of the differences in how communication is managed in each scenario.

TDMA (Time Division Multiple Access): A common airtime sharing method used in PtMP systems.

Wireless Transceiver: A transceiver is a combination of a transmitter and receiver used for wireless communication.

Radio: The radio is the primary component responsible for:

Modulation: Encoding data onto a carrier wave.

Demodulation: Extracting data from a received signal.

Transmission/Reception: Handling the actual sending and receiving of modulated signals over the air.

References

Transceiver: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transceiver

JSON Fundamentals: JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) is a text-based format for representing data in a structured, yet flexible way. Its key features are:

Key-Value Pairs: Information is organized as "key":"value" pairs, making it human-readable.

Plaintext: JSON is not encrypted, ensuring easy parsing across different systems.

JSON vs. Other Options

Not Encrypted: Security must be handled at a higher layer if needed.

Not Optimized for Databases: While JSON can be stored in databases, it's designed for data exchange, not database structure.

Not Inherently Compressed: Compression can be used with JSON, but it's not a core feature.

References:

JSON Introduction: Clear definitions and examples of its syntax. (e.g., https://www.json.org/json-en.html )

JSON Data Structures: Explanations of how arrays and nested objects are handled within JSON.

Automation for Consistency: Scripts eliminate the potential for human error during repetitive configuration tasks on multiple devices. This ensures uniformity across the wireless solution.

Speed and Efficiency: Scripts can be much faster than manual configuration, particularly in large deployments.

Other Benefits: While scripts might aid signal strength (e.g., optimizing settings) or enhance solution capabilities, their core value in configuration is reducing errors.

References:

Network Automation: Benefits of using scripts for configuration management.

Configuration Management Best Practices: Emphasize the importance of consistency and repeatability.

ITU's Mandate: The International Telecommunication Union (ITU) is a specialized agency of the United Nations focused on global information and communication technologies (ICTs).

Radio Spectrum Regulation: A core ITU function is allocating radio spectrum bands and satellite orbits to prevent harmful interference between different countries and technologies. This coordination is essential for the orderly use of wireless communications worldwide.

Other ITU Roles: While involved in standard-setting and establishing best practices, options A and D are less precise than the ITU's spectrum coordination focus.

References:

ITU Website: (https://www.itu.int/en/ ) Outlines its activities and governance of radio spectrum.

ITU Radio Regulations: The international treaty governing the use of the radio-frequency spectrum.