Pass the HP Aruba-ACNSA HPE6-A78 Questions and answers with ExamsMirror

In the context of an Aruba Mobility Controller (MC) configuration, a client will receive the default role assignment if they have passed 802.1X authentication and the authentication server did not send an Aruba-User-Role Vendor Specific Attribute (VSA). The default role is assigned by the MC when a client successfully authenticates but the authentication server provides no specific role instruction. This behavior ensures that a client is not left without any role assignment, which could potentially lead to a lack of network access or access control. This default role assignment mechanism is part of Aruba's role-based access control, as documented in the ArubaOS user guide and best practices.

For deploying Aruba ClearPass Device Insight effectively, especially in environments with multiple sites, it is recommended to deploy a pair of Device Insight Collectors at the headquarters or the central data center. This deployment strategy helps in centralizing the data collection and analysis, which simplifies management and enhances performance by reducing the data load on the WAN links connecting different sites. Centralizing the collectors at a major site or data center allows for better scalability and reliability of the network management system. This configuration also aids in achieving a more consistent and comprehensive monitoring and analysis of the devices across the network, ensuring that the security and management policies are uniformly applied. This recommendation is based on best practices for network architecture design, particularly those discussed in Aruba’s deployment guides and network management strategies.

The ArubaOS firewall is a stateful firewall, meaning that it can track the state of active sessions and can make decisions based on the context of the traffic. This stateful inspection capability allows it to automatically allow return traffic for sessions that it has permitted, thereby enabling seamless two-way communication for authorized users while maintaining the security posture of the network.

In ArubaOS-CX, managing and searching logs can be crucial for tracking and diagnosing issues related to network operations such as port authentication. To efficiently find logs related to port authentication, configuring a logging filter specifically for this category is highly effective.

Logging Filter Configuration: In ArubaOS-CX, you can configure logging filters to refine the logs that are collected and viewed. By setting up a filter for the "port-access" category, you focus the logging system to only capture and display entries related to port authentication events. This approach reduces the volume of log data to sift through, making it easier to identify relevant issues.

Global Application of Filter: Applying the filter globally ensures that all relevant log messages, regardless of their origin within the switch's modules or interfaces, are captured under the specified category. This global application is crucial for comprehensive monitoring across the entire device.

Alternative Options and Their Evaluation:

Option A: Adding "-C and *-c port-access" to the "show logging" command is not a standard command format in ArubaOS-CX for filtering logs directly through the show command.

Option C: Enabling debugging for "portaccess" indeed increases the detail of logs but primarily serves to provide real-time diagnostic information rather than filtering existing logs.

Option D: Specifying a logging facility focuses on routing logs to different destinations or subsystems and does not inherently filter by log category like port-access.

The correct use case for using the specified certificate file format is option B, using a PKCS12 file to install a certificate along with its private key on a device. PKCS12 is a binary format for storing a certificate chain and private key in a single encrypted file. PEM files are Base64 encoded certificate files and are typically used for storing certificates, not private keys, and PKCS7 is used for certificate chains without the private key.

These answers are based on general networking and security practices, specifically within the context of Aruba network device configurations. If you have questions specific to Oracle Database 12c SQL, please provide the relevant details or ask separate questions related to that topic.

The exhibit shows an error in the CPPM Event Viewer: "RADIUS authentication attempt from unknown NAD 10.1.10.8:1812." This indicates that a new HPE Aruba Networking Mobility Controller (MC) is attempting to send RADIUS authentication requests to HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager (CPPM), but CPPM does not recognize the MC as a Network Access Device (NAD), resulting in the authentication failure.

Unknown NAD Error: In CPPM, a NAD is a device (e.g., an MC, switch, or AP) that sends RADIUS requests to CPPM for authentication. Each NAD must be configured in CPPM with its IP address and a shared secret. The error "unknown NAD 10.1.10.8:1812" means that the IP address 10.1.10.8 (the source IP of the MC’s RADIUS request) is not listed as a NAD in CPPM’s configuration, so CPPM rejects the request.

Option A, "That the IP address that the MC is using to reach CPPM matches the one defined for the device on CPPM," is correct. You need to check that the MC’s IP address (10.1.10.8) is correctly configured as a NAD in CPPM. In CPPM, go to Configuration > Network > Devices, and verify that a NAD entry exists for 10.1.10.8. If the IP address does not match (e.g., due to NAT, a different interface, or a misconfiguration), CPPM will reject the request as coming from an unknown NAD.

Option B, "That the MC has valid admin credentials configured on it for logging into the CPPM," is incorrect. Admin credentials on the MC are used for management access (e.g., SSH, web UI), not for RADIUS authentication. RADIUS communication between the MC and CPPM uses a shared secret, not admin credentials.

Option C, "That the MC has been added as a domain machine on the Active Directory domain with which CPPM is synchronized," is incorrect. Adding the MC as a domain machine in Active Directory (AD) is relevant only if the MC itself is authenticating users against AD (e.g., for machine authentication), but this is not required for the MC to act as a NAD sending RADIUS requests to CPPM.

Option D, "That the shared secret configured for the CPPM authentication server matches the one defined for the device on CPPM," is incorrect in this context. While a shared secret mismatch would cause authentication failures, it would not result in an "unknown NAD" error. The "unknown NAD" error occurs before the shared secret is checked, as CPPM does not recognize the IP address as a valid NAD.

The HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide states:

"The error ‘RADIUS authentication attempt from unknown NAD ’ in the Event Viewer indicates that the IP address of the device sending the RADIUS request (e.g., a Mobility Controller) is not configured as a Network Access Device (NAD) in ClearPass. To resolve this, go to Configuration > Network > Devices in the CPPM UI, and ensure that the IP address of the device (e.g., 10.1.10.8) is added as a NAD with the correct shared secret. The IP address used by the device to reach CPPM must match the one defined in the NAD configuration." (Page 302, Troubleshooting RADIUS Issues Section)

Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide notes:

"When configuring a Mobility Controller to use ClearPass as a RADIUS server, ensure that the MC’s IP address is added as a NAD in ClearPass. If ClearPass logs an ‘unknown NAD’ error, verify that the IP address the MC uses to send RADIUS requests (e.g., the source IP of the request) matches the IP address configured in ClearPass under Configuration > Network > Devices." (Page 498, Configuring RADIUS Authentication Section)

The AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) framework is used in network security to manage user access. In this framework, the Network Access Server (NAS) plays a specific role. In an HPE Aruba Networking environment, the NAS is typically a device like a Mobility Controller (MC) or an AOS-CX switch that interacts with an AAA server (e.g., ClearPass Policy Manager, CPPM) to authenticate users.

NAS Role in AAA:

Authentication: The NAS acts as a client to the AAA server (e.g., via RADIUS), forwarding authentication requests from the user’s device to the server. It does not perform the authentication itself; the AAA server authenticates the user.

Authorization: After authentication, the NAS receives authorization attributes from the AAA server (e.g., a user role via Aruba-User-Role VSA) and enforces access policies (e.g., firewall rules, VLAN assignment) based on those attributes.

Accounting: The NAS sends accounting information (e.g., session start/stop, data usage) to the AAA server to track user activity.

Option A, "It negotiates with each user’s device to determine which EAP method is used for authentication," is incorrect. The NAS does not negotiate the EAP method with the user’s device. The EAP method (e.g., EAP-TLS, PEAP) is determined by the configuration on the NAS and the AAA server, and the client must support the configured method. The negotiation of EAP methods occurs between the client (supplicant) and the AAA server, with the NAS acting as a pass-through.

Option B, "It determines which resources authenticated users are allowed to access and monitors each user’s session," is incorrect. The NAS enforces access policies based on authorization attributes received from the AAA server, but it does not determine which resources users can access—that decision is made by the AAA server based on its policies. Monitoring sessions is part of accounting, but this option overstates the NAS’s role in determining access.

Option C, "It enforces access to network services and sends accounting information to the AAA server," is correct. The NAS enforces access by applying policies (e.g., firewall rules, VLANs) based on the authorization attributes received from the AAA server. It also sends accounting information (e.g., session start/stop, data usage) to the AAA server to track user activity, fulfilling its role in the accounting part of AAA.

Option D, "It authenticates legitimate users and uses policies to determine which resources each user is allowed to access," is incorrect. The NAS does not authenticate users; the AAA server performs authentication. The NAS also does not determine resource access; it enforces the policies provided by the AAA server.

The HPE Aruba Networking AOS-8 8.11 User Guide states:

"In the AAA framework, the Network Access Server (NAS), such as a Mobility Controller, acts as a client to the AAA server (e.g., a RADIUS server). The NAS forwards authentication requests from the user’s device to the AAA server, enforces access to network services based on the authorization attributes returned by the server (e.g., user role, VLAN), and sends accounting information, such as session start and stop records, to the AAA server for tracking." (Page 310, AAA Framework Section)

Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide notes:

"The NAS in the AAA framework, such as an Aruba Mobility Controller, does not authenticate users itself; it forwards authentication requests to the AAA server (ClearPass). After authentication, the NAS enforces access policies based on the server’s response and sends accounting data to the AAA server to log user activity, such as session duration and data usage." (Page 280, NAS Role in AAA Section)

When an ArubaOS solution detects a rogue AP with Wireless Intrusion Prevention (WIP), the most crucial information that can help locate the rogue device is the detecting devices. This is because the detecting devices can provide the physical location or the network topology context where the rogue AP has been detected1.

The detecting devices are typically the Air Monitors (AMs) or Access Points (APs) in the network that have identified the rogue AP’s presence. These devices can provide information such as the signal strength and the direction from which the rogue AP’s signals are being received. By triangulating this information from multiple detecting devices, it becomes possible to pinpoint the physical location of the rogue AP2.

Additionally, the detecting devices can log events and alerts that can be reviewed to understand the rogue AP’s behavior, such as the channels it is operating on and the potential impact on the authorized wireless network1. This information is vital for network administrators to quickly and effectively respond to the threat posed by the rogue AP.

In contrast, the match method (A) and match type © relate to how the rogue AP is classified and identified by the system, which is useful for classification but not for physical location. The confidence level (D) indicates the system’s certainty in the classification but does not aid in locating the device2.

The scenario involves troubleshooting an 802.1X authentication issue on HPE Aruba Networking switches (likely AOS-CX switches) that use a cluster of HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager (CPPM) servers as the RADIUS server. The switches show Access-Rejects in their statistics, indicating that CPPM is receiving and processing the authentication requests but rejecting them. However, the records for these Access-Rejects are not visible in CPPM Access Tracker.

Access Tracker: Access Tracker (Monitoring > Live Monitoring > Access Tracker) in CPPM logs all authentication attempts, including successful (Access-Accept) and failed (Access-Reject) requests. If an Access-Reject is not visible in Access Tracker, it suggests that the request was processed at a lower level and not logged in Access Tracker, or there is a visibility issue (e.g., filtering, clustering).

Option A, "Go to the CPPM Event Viewer, because this is where RADIUS Access Rejects are stored," is correct. The Event Viewer (Monitoring > Event Viewer) in CPPM logs system-level events, including RADIUS-related events that might not appear in Access Tracker. For example, if the Access-Reject is due to a configuration issue (e.g., the switch’s IP address is not recognized as a Network Access Device, NAD, or the shared secret is incorrect), the request may be rejected before it is logged in Access Tracker, and the Event Viewer will capture this event (e.g., "RADIUS authentication attempt from unknown NAD"). Since the switches confirm that CPPM is sending Access-Rejects, the Event Viewer is a good place to look for more details.

Option B, "Verify that you are logged in to the CPPM UI with read-write, not read-only, access," is incorrect. Access Tracker visibility is not dependent on read-write vs. read-only access. Both types of accounts can view Access Tracker records, though read-only accounts cannot modify configurations. The issue is that the records are not appearing, not that the user lacks permission to see them.

Option C, "Make sure that CPPM cluster settings are configured to show Access-Rejects," is incorrect. In a CPPM cluster, Access Tracker records are synchronized across nodes, and there is no specific cluster setting to "show Access-Rejects." Access Tracker logs all authentication attempts by default, unless filtered out (e.g., by time range or search criteria), but the issue here is that the records are not appearing at all.

Option D, "Click Edit in Access Viewer and make sure that the correct servers are selected," is incorrect. Access Tracker (not "Access Viewer") does not have an "Edit" option to select servers. In a CPPM cluster, Access Tracker shows records from all nodes by default, and the user can filter by time, NAD, or other criteria, but the absence of records suggests a deeper issue (e.g., the request was rejected before logging in Access Tracker).

The HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Policy Manager 6.11 User Guide states:

"If an Access-Reject is not visible in Access Tracker, it may indicate that the RADIUS request was rejected at a low level before being logged. The Event Viewer (Monitoring > Event Viewer) logs system-level events, including RADIUS Access-Rejects that do not appear in Access Tracker. For example, if the request is rejected due to an unknown NAD or shared secret mismatch, the Event Viewer will log an event like ‘RADIUS authentication attempt from unknown NAD,’ providing insight into the rejection." (Page 301, Troubleshooting RADIUS Issues Section)

Additionally, the HPE Aruba Networking AOS-CX 10.12 Security Guide notes:

"When troubleshooting 802.1X authentication issues, if the switch logs show Access-Rejects from the RADIUS server (e.g., ClearPass) but the records are not visible in Access Tracker, check the RADIUS server’s system logs. In ClearPass, the Event Viewer logs RADIUS Access-Rejects that may not appear in Access Tracker, such as those caused by NAD configuration issues." (Page 150, Troubleshooting 802.1X Authentication Section)

HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass OnGuard: This is a component of the ClearPass Policy Manager platform specifically designed for endpoint posture assessment and health checks. It can identify and classify a wide range of devices connecting to the network, including traditional endpoints, mobile devices, and importantly, IoT devices. It analyzes device attributes and behaviors to determine their type and security posture.

Let's look at why the other options are less suitable for this specific requirement:

HPE Aruba Networking EdgeConnect SD-WAN: This solution focuses on optimizing wide area network (WAN) connectivity, improving application performance, and providing secure branch-to-branch and branch-to-cloud connections. While it can identify traffic from different devices, its primary function isn't detailed device classification at the network access layer.

HPE Aruba Networking Central: This is a cloud-based network management platform that provides visibility, configuration, and management for Aruba network devices (APs, switches, gateways). While it offers insights into connected devices, its core function isn't the deep classification of diverse endpoint types like IoT devices.

HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass Onboard: This component of ClearPass Policy Manager focuses on simplifying the secure onboarding of personal or unmanaged devices (BYOD). While it involves device identification during the onboarding process, its primary goal isn't continuous and comprehensive classification of all device types, especially the detailed classification needed for diverse IoT devices.

Therefore, HPE Aruba Networking ClearPass OnGuard is the most appropriate solution for classifying a wide range of devices, including IoT devices, within an AOS-10 network infrastructure.