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Viewing questions 61-70 out of questions

Questions # 61:

An Amazon API Gateway API invokes an AWS Lambda function that needs to interact with a software-as-a-service (SaaS) platform. A unique client token is generated in the SaaS platform to grant access to the Lambda function. A security engineer needs to design a solution to encrypt the access token at rest and pass the token to the Lambda function at runtime.

Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?

Options:

Store the client token as a secret in AWS Secrets Manager. Use th^AWS SDK to retneve the secret in the Lambda function.

Configure a token-based Lambda authorizer in API Gateway.

Store the client token as a SecureString parameter in AWS Systems Manager Parameter Store. Use the AWS SDK to retrieve the value of the SecureString parameter in the Lambda function.

Use AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) to encrypt the client token. Pass the token to the Lambda function at runtime through an environment variable.

Questions # 62:

Auditors for a health care company have mandated that all data volumes be encrypted at rest Infrastructure is deployed mainly via IAM CloudFormation however third-party frameworks and manual deployment are required on some legacy systems

What is the BEST way to monitor, on a recurring basis, whether all EBS volumes are encrypted?

Options:

On a recurring basis, update an IAM user policies to require that EC2 instances are created with an encrypted volume

Configure an IAM Config rule lo run on a recurring basis 'or volume encryption

Set up Amazon Inspector rules tor volume encryption to run on a recurring schedule

Use CloudWatch Logs to determine whether instances were created with an encrypted volume

Questions # 63:

A company has multiple accounts in the AWS Cloud. Users in the developer account need to have access to specific resources in the production account.

What is the MOST secure way to provide this access?

Options:

Create one IAM user in the production account. Grant the appropriate permissions to the resources that are needed. Share the password only with the users that need access.

Create cross-account access with an IAM role in the developer account. Grant the appropriate permissions to this role. Allow users in the developer account to assume this role to access the production resources.

Create cross-account access with an IAM user account in the production account. Grant the appropriate permissions to this user account. Allow users in the developer account to use this user account to access the production resources.

Create cross-account access with an IAM role in the production account. Grant the appropriate permissions to this role. Allow users in the developer account to assume this role to access the production resources.

Questions # 64:

A company is using AWS Organizations to implement a multi-account strategy. The company does not have on-premises infrastructure. All workloads run on AWS. The company currently has eight member accounts. The company anticipates that it will have no more than 20 AWS accounts total at any time.

The company issues a new security policy that contains the following requirements:

• No AWS account should use a VPC within the AWS account for workloads.

• The company should use a centrally managed VPC that all AWS accounts can access to launch workloads in subnets.

• No AWS account should be able to modify another AWS account's application resources within the centrally managed VPC.

• The centrally managed VPC should reside in an existing AWS account that is named Account-A within an organization.

The company uses an AWS CloudFormation template to create a VPC that contains multiple subnets in Account-A. This template exports the subnet IDs through the CloudFormation Outputs section.

Which solution will complete the security setup to meet these requirements?

Options:

Use a CloudFormation template in the member accounts to launch workloads. Configure the template to use the Fn::lmportValue function to obtain the subnet ID values.

Use a transit gateway in the VPC within Account-A. Configure the member accounts to use the transit gateway to access the subnets in Account-A to launch workloads.

Use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share Account-A's VPC subnets with the remaining member accounts. Configure the member accounts to use the shared subnets to launch workloads.

Create a peering connection between Account-A and the remaining member accounts. Configure the member accounts to use the subnets in Account-A through the VPC peering connection to launch workloads.

Answer

Explanation

The correct answer is C. Use AWS Resource Access Manager (AWS RAM) to share Account-A’s VPC subnets with the remaining member accounts. Configure the member accounts to use the shared subnets to launch workloads.

This answer is correct because AWS RAM is a service that helps you securely share your AWS resources across AWS accounts, within your organization or organizational units (OUs), and with IAM roles and users for supported resource types1.One of the supported resource types is VPC subnets2, which means you can share the subnets in Account-A’s VPC with the other member accounts using AWS RAM. This way, you can meet the requirements of using a centrally managed VPC, avoiding duplicate VPCs in each account, and launching workloads in shared subnets.You can also control the access to the shared subnets by using IAM policies and resource-based policies3, which can prevent one account from modifying another account’s resources.

The other options are incorrect because:

A.Using aCloudFormation template in the member accounts to launch workloads and using the Fn::ImportValue function to obtain the subnet ID values is not a solution, because Fn::ImportValue can only import values that have been exported by another stack within the same region4. This means that you cannot use Fn::ImportValue to reference the subnet IDs that are exported by Account-A’s CloudFormation template, unless all the member accounts are in the same region as Account-A. This option also does not avoid creating duplicate VPCs in each account, which is one of the requirements.

B. Using a transit gateway in the VPC within Account-A and configuring the member accounts to use the transit gateway to access the subnets in Account-A to launch workloads is not a solution, because a transit gateway does not allow you to launch workloads in another account’s subnets.A transit gateway is a network transit hub that enables you to route traffic between your VPCs and on-premises networks5, but it does not enable you to share subnets across accounts.

D. Creating a peering connection between Account-A and the remaining member accounts and configuring the member accounts to use the subnets in Account-A through the VPC peering connection to launch workloads is not a solution, because a VPC peering connection does not allow you to launch workloads in another account’s subnets.A VPC peering connection is a networking connection betweentwo VPCs that enables you to route traffic between them privately6, but it does not enable you to share subnets across accounts.

[References:, 1:What is AWS Resource Access Manager?2:Shareable AWS resources3:Managing permissions for shared resources4:Fn::ImportValue5:What is a transit gateway?6:What is VPC peering?, , , , , ]

Questions # 65:

A company wants to deploy a distributed web application on a fleet of EC2 instances. The fleet will be fronted by a Classic Load Balancer that will be configured to terminate the TLS connection The company wants to make sure that all past and current TLS traffic to the Classic Load Balancer stays secure even if the certificate private key is leaked.

To ensure the company meets these requirements, a Security Engineer can configure a Classic Load Balancer with:

Options:

An HTTPS listener that uses a certificate that is managed by Amazon Certification Manager.

An HTTPS listener that uses a custom security policy that allows only perfect forward secrecy cipher suites

An HTTPS listener that uses the latest IAM predefined ELBSecuntyPolicy-TLS-1 -2-2017-01 security policy

A TCP listener that uses a custom security policy that allows only perfect forward secrecy cipher suites.

Questions # 66:

A security team is using Amazon EC2 Image Builder to build a hardened AMI with forensic capabilities. An AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS) key will encrypt the forensic AMI EC2 Image Builder successfully installs the required patches and packages in the security team's AWS account. The security team uses a federated IAM role m the same AWS account to sign in to the AWS Management Console and attempts to launch the forensic AMI. The EC2 instance launches and immediately terminates.

What should the security learn do lo launch the EC2 instance successfully

Options:

Update the policy that is associated with the federated IAM role to allow the ec2. Describelmages action for the forensic AMI.

Update the policy that is associated with the federated IAM role to allow the ec2 Start Instances action m the security team's AWS account.

Update the policy that is associated with the KMS key that is used to encrypt the forensic AMI. Configure the policy to allow the kms. Encrypt and kms Decrypt actions for the federated IAM role.

Update the policy that is associated with the federated IAM role to allow the kms. DescribeKey action for the KMS key that is used to encrypt the forensic AMI.

Questions # 67:

A security engineer is configuring a new website that is named example.com. The security engineer wants to secure communications with the website by requiring users to connect to example.com through HTTPS.

Which of the following is a valid option for storing SSL/TLS certificates?

Options:

Custom SSL certificate that is stored in AWS Key Management Service (AWS KMS)

Default SSL certificate that is stored in Amazon CloudFront.

Custom SSL certificate that is stored in AWS Certificate Manager (ACM)

Default SSL certificate that is stored in Amazon S3

Questions # 68:

For compliance reasons a Security Engineer must produce a weekly report that lists any instance that does not have the latest approved patches applied. The Engineer must also ensure that no system goes more than 30 days without the latest approved updates being applied

What would the MOST efficient way to achieve these goals?

Options:

Use Amazon inspector to determine which systems do not have the latest patches applied, and after 30 days, redeploy those instances with the latest AMI version

Configure Amazon EC2 Systems Manager to report on instance patch compliance and enforce updates during the defined maintenance windows

Examine IAM CloudTrail togs to determine whether any instances have not restarted in the last 30 days, and redeploy those instances

Update the AMls with the latest approved patches and redeploy each instance during the defined maintenance window

Questions # 69:

A security engineer is defining the controls required to protect the IAM account root user credentials in an IAM Organizations hierarchy. The controls should also limit the impact in case these credentials have been compromised.

Which combination of controls should the security engineer propose?(Select THREE.)

Question # 69

C) Enable multi-factor authentication (MFA) for the root user.

D) Set a strong randomized password and store it in a secure location.

E) Create an access key ID and secret access key, and store them in a secure location.

F) Apply the following permissions boundary to the toot user:

Question # 69

Questions # 70:

A company uses identity federation to authenticate users into an identity account (987654321987) where the users assume an IAM role named IdentityRole. The users then assume an IAM role named JobFunctionRole in the target IAM account (123456789123) to perform their job functions.

A user is unable to assume the IAM role in the target account. The policy attached to the role in the identity account is:

Question # 70