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At system shutdown, the login window process logs all users out and tells the kernel to quit all remaining system processes. Once the kernel quits all system processes, the Mac shuts down.

During user logout, the user's login window process does the following: requests that all user applications quit; automatically quits any user background processes; runs any logout scripts; records the logout to the main system.log file; resets device permissions and preferences to their defaults; and quits the user's login window and launched processes.

During system initialization, the system launched process automatically starts /System/ Library/LaunchDaemons, /Library/LaunchDaemons, /Library/StartupItems (via SystemStarter), and the /etc/rc.local UNIX script if it exists.

Single-partition drives are easier to set up initially, but they aren't as flexible for administration and maintenance. Multiple-partition drives require repartitioning during setup, but provide several separate partitions, which can be used to segregate user data and host multiple operating systems.

The Privacy pane of Security & Privacy preferences can be used to allow or disallow applications' access to Location Services, Contacts, Calendars, Reminders, social network services, and Accessibility application access.

Quick Look is engaged by simply pressing the Space bar when a document is selected. Applications that support Quick Look include the Finder, Time Machine, Mail, and most open and save browser dialogs.

The Activity Monitor application is used to monitor open processes and applications.

You can use the System Information application to easily scan all the appropriate application locations and return a list of installed applications.

How does Time Machine maintain a backup history of the file system?

What's target disk mode and how is it engaged?

What's a network location? Who can access network locations?

What's the best way to find which installations have taken place on the system?

The Disk Utility Repair Permissions feature repairs only the ownership and permissions for items installed by Apple. However, this may resolve issues with third-party products.

The OS X built-in firewall inspects each incoming network connection to determine if it's allowed. Connections are allowed or denied on a per-application basis.

The locked file flag prevents anyone, including the item's owner, from editing an item. Only the item's owner can unlock the item to then allow modification.

The system keeps applications from interfering with one another by segregating their memory usage using protected memory. Mac computers with 64-bit-capable processors allow processes to run in 64-bit mode, which allows them to individually access more than 4 GB of memory.

The system version, build number, and hardware serial number are located in the About This Mac dialog or the login screen. The system version number defines the specific version of OS X currently installed. The system build number is an even more specific identifier used primarily by developers. Finally, the hardware serial number is a unique number used to identify your specific Mac.

The Disk Utility Verify and Repair feature is used to verify or repair the partition scheme and directory structure of a volume. These elements contain the information used to locate files and folders on the volume.

The Traceroute tab of Network Utility allows you to verify the connection hops between your Mac and a remote host.

The master password is used to reset local account passwords.

Where are application preferences stored?

How are items inside the Finder's Network folder populated?

How does IPv4 addressing differ from IPv6 addressing?

How are disks, partitions, and volumes different from one another?

What does OS X use bundles or packages for?

What does the diagnostic reporting feature do?

How does file system journaling work?

What does CUPS do?

When a user changes his own account password, the system will keep his login keychain password in sync.

When performing a Safe Boot, OS X doesn't load third-party KEXTs, third-party launch agents, third-party launch daemons, third-party startup items, third-party fonts, any user login items, or any user-specific launch agents.

When deleting a local user account, OS X can archive the home folder content into a compressed disk image, leave the home folder content in the /Users folder, or delete the home folder content. Optionally, OS X can perform a secure erase on the home folder content.

The Font Book application shows a small dot next to the name of any font that has duplicate resources.

Which items aren't loaded when OS X Safe Boots?

Which action must take place in order for a Mac to communicate with a Bluetooth peripheral? Where can this be configured?

What are some privacy and security concerns with the Spotlight service?

What two methods are used to hide items from the Finder?

What are the minimum hardware requirements for upgrading a system with OS X Mavericks?

What are the system requirements for using FileVault 2?

What two volume formats are supported for an OS X system volume?

What are the requirements for purchasing applications via the Mac App Store?