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ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level - Test Management v3.0 Questions and Answers

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Questions # 11:

The stakeholders matrix is a strategic tool to be used by test managers and is composed of four quadrants.

Which quadrant is described by the following statements?

Typically do not have a strong interest in day-to-day tasks

Their decisions are critical for resource allocation and high-level project direction

Options:

Promoters

Latents

Defenders

Apathetics

Answer

Explanation

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level – Test Manager v3.0 syllabus:

In the stakeholder power–interest matrix used by test managers, stakeholders withhigh power but low interestare categorized asLatents. They generally “do not have a strong interest in day-to-day tasks,” yet theirdecisions are critical for resources and strategic direction. Promoters are high power/high interest; Defenders are low power/high interest; Apathetics are low power/low interest. This mapping guides how test managers engage and communicate with each stakeholder group (CTAL-TM v3.0 Syllabus, chapter on organizational aspects of test management and stakeholder engagement).

Questions # 12:

Management is sceptical regarding the budget request (€25,000) for the next testing project. You are asked for a cost-benefit calculation. Based on historical data from several projects, you have the following numbers:

Average prevention cost per defect: €200

Average cost of detection per defect: €400

Average cost of internal failure: €150

Average cost of external failure: €2,500

Expected number of defects to be found in this project during testing: 50

What is the result for the expected cost-benefit calculation for the upcoming project?

Options:

€62,500

€72,500

€87,500

€92,500

Answer

Explanation

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level – Test Manager v3.0 syllabus:

Using thecost of qualityperspective in the syllabus, compute the savings from moving defects fromexternal failuretointernal discovery(prevention + appraisal + internal failure).

Internal discovery cost per defect:€200 + €400 + €150 = €750.

External failure cost per defect:€2,500.

Net saving per defect moved inside:€2,500 − €750 = €1,750.

For50defects:€1,750 × 50 = €87,500→Answer: €87,500.The syllabus directs test managers to articulate testing’s value by quantifyingavoided external failure costsagainstprevention, detection, and internal failure costs, supporting investment decisions and demonstrating ROI for testing initiatives (Chapter: Test Management in the Organization – economics/cost of quality; business case and benefit evaluation).

Questions # 13:

Assume that you have calculated the following costs of quality:

Average cost of detection: €350

Average cost of internal failure: €250

Average cost of external failure: €4,500

The average costs of detection and internal failure are calculated using the number of defects found prior to release, while the average cost of external failure is calculated using the number of defects found after release.

What is the saving in cost of quality for each defect found in testing?

Options:

€4,400

€3,900

€5,100

€4,600

Answer

Explanation

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level – Test Manager v3.0 syllabus:

The syllabus explains thecost of quality (CoQ)perspective for testing and distinguishes betweenpre-release costs(e.g., detection/appraisal andinternal failurecosts) andpost-release costs(external failurecosts). When a defect is foundduring testing, you incur detection and internal failure costs; if it escapes to production, you incur the (typically much higher) external failure cost. Thesaving per defect found in testingis calculated as:

External failure − (Detection + Internal failure)=€4,500 − (€350 + €250) = €4,500 − €600 = €3,900.

This aligns with the syllabus guidance to quantify testing’s economic value by comparing avoided external failure costs with the costs of detecting and fixing defects before release (CoQ view).

Questions # 14:

You are involved in the selection of a test management tool and have decided to calculate the ROI for the two potential tools: TestMaker and ImproveIT.

TestMaker is priced at €15,000 with yearly maintenance costs of €1,500. Its traceability to requirements feature is strong and the defect management process can easily be customised to meet the needs of the organisation. Effort for test management activities is expected to decrease by 20%.

ImproveIT is priced at €20,000 with yearly maintenance costs of €2,500. Its traceability feature is also strong and has a high level of usability. It also has interesting options for adding extensions to its features in the future. Effort for test management activities is expected to decrease by 30%.

Based on the calculated ROI, which tool would you suggest?

Options:

TestMaker

ImproveIT

None of the tools, since they do not provide a positive ROI

There is too little information to accurately calculate the ROIs

Answer

Explanation

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level – Test Manager v3.0 syllabus:

InTest Tool and Automation, the syllabus states that determining thebusiness case/ROIfor a tool requires identifying and quantifyingall relevant costs(acquisition, maintenance,training,pilot/rollout,integration,customization) andbenefits(e.g.,effort reductionacross activities, quality and cycle-time gains), then comparing them over a defined period within the organization’s context. A % effort reduction alone is insufficient without knowing thebaseline effort/cost, number of users, training/transition costs, and implementation scope. Therefore, ROI cannot be accurately computed with the given data.

(Reference: CTAL-TM v3.0 —Test Tool and Automation: tool selection and introduction; establishing a business case/ROI by quantifying costs and benefits; considering acquisition, maintenance, training, pilot, integration, process changes, and productivity gains.)

Questions # 15:

You are a test manager developing a master test plan. As part of the master test plan, you are defining exit criteria for the various test levels.

Which of the following exit criteria would be most appropriate and SMART for component testing, and which one would be most appropriate and SMART for system testing?

i. 95% of the tests prepared are executed successfully

ii. All test cases have been run

iii. 80% decision coverage for all tests run

iv. At least 30 defects have been found

v. At least two weeks of test execution

vi. No more open defects

Options:

iii for component testing, v for system testing

ii for component testing, iv for system testing

iii for component testing, i for system testing

v for component testing, vi for system testing

Answer

Explanation

Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation From Exact Extract of ISTQB Certified Tester Advanced Level – Test Manager v3.0 syllabus:

The syllabus emphasizesSMART exit criteriatailored to the test level:

Forcomponent testing, structural coverage metrics (e.g.,decision coverage) are appropriate and measurable at code level, makingiii (80% decision coverage)suitable and SMART.

[References: ISTQB CTAL-TM v3.0 Syllabus—Chapter 3 (Test Planning: defining level-appropriate and measurable entry/exit criteria; use of structural coverage for lower levels and outcome/behavior criteria for higher levels)., ===========, ]

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